YAPI Romaric Achi

Affiliated project: Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry UGANC

CEA affiliates :
CEA-PCMT GUINEE

Thesis supervisor: Alpha Kabinet KEITA UGANC
alpha-kabinet.keita@ird.fr

Thesis co-supervisor: Alexandre DELAMOU UGANC
adelamou@gmail.com

Other contributors to thesis supervision: Mariama SADJO UGANC
nenettediallo@yahoo.fr

Start date :01/11/2020
Anticipated date of thesis defense :May 05, 2023     
ORCID profile: 0000-0003-2607-4457

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Project title: Molecular evaluation of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (sp) chemoprophylaxis against malaria in pregnant women in n'zerekore, Guinea

Scientific project summary: Malaria in pregnant women is a public health problem in endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa, due to its consequences on the health of both mother and fetus, leading to high maternal and neonatal mortality rates. In Guinea, the National Malaria Control Program recommends sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (sp) as chemoprophylaxis for pregnant women. Despite these provisions, the prevalence of malaria among pregnant women remains high. To date, no studies on the efficacy of sp in malaria chemoprophylaxis and the search for SP-resistant mutants have been carried out in Guinea. The objectives were to determine the prevalence of placental malaria and to carry out molecular characterization of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains in pregnant women on sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine IPTg.

Summary of results: The average age of pregnant women in our study was 24.94 years, and the level of education was low, with 59.8% illiterate. Most pregnant women were housewives (59.8%) and multigeste (45.5%), but the rate of compliance with IPTg among the women in our study was 67.2%. The primary means of protection used by pregnant women against mosquito bites was the LLIN (91.7%). Among the 229 women, 42 were infested at placental blood level, i.e. a psalmodic index of 18.3%, and a significant relationship was established between the number of pregnancies and placental infestation by plasmodium falciparum (p=0.010). Women who had taken at least two doses and at least three doses of IPT had less placental infestation than those who had received less than two doses (20.37%) and (7.14%) respectively (p=0.00001). But 100% of women who had taken no dose of IPT and 95% of those who had taken less than two doses were infested at placental blood level. Parturients who did not claim to sleep under LLINs were more infested (31.57%) at placental level than those who did claim to sleep under LLINs (17.14%).